12^th Annual Meet on Bacteriology & Applied Microbiology September 23-24, 2019 Tokyo, Japan

Biography:

Anna G Afinogenova is a Pharmacist, Microbiologist, Doctor of Biological Sciences, specialized in Clinical Microbiology. She is currently working as the Head of Laboratorial Centre of St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute and also as a Professor of St. Petersburg State University. She has published more than 30 papers in journals and a Member of EWMA.

Abstract:

Local antiseptics in sub-bactericidal concentrations are active against antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, including Gram-negative bacteria. The studies were performed in vitro and in vivo, on the culture of fibroblast cells of human embryonic skin. Our study shows antiadhesive activity of QATs against S. aureus, their ability to suppress hyaluronidase and staphylococcal plasmocoagulase. Poviargol (silver nanoclusters) is able to suppress protein A of staphylococcus, prevents the formation of microbial biofilms on biotic and abiotic surfaces. Polyhexanide shows antiadhesive properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, enhances the effect of antibiotics against resistant microbes due to increased permeability of the cell wall, affects plasmacoagulase, collagenase. The combined effect of sodium hypochlorite and quinoxoline derivative on microbial DNA was assessed by UV spectroscopy and electrophoresis. For the first time, a dose-dependent effect of sodium hypochlorite on individual nucleotides and polynucleotides was obtained, and complete destruction of the plasmid DNA of Escherichia coli DH5-Alpha strain was demonstrated. It has been established that the interaction with sodium hypochlorite involves the destruction of the secondary structure of DNA (denaturation) and the chemical modification of nitrogenous bases, presumably chlorination. The presence of a secondary structure slows down the chemical reaction of sodium hypochlorite with nitrogenous DNA bases. The ability of antiseptics to destroy formed (48 hours) microbial biofilms of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been studied. In this case combined action of two antiseptics was better than one agent by itself. Various antiseptics in non-bactericide concentrations complexly affect the antibiotic-resistant microbial cell: increase the permeability of the cell membrane, inhibit the enzyme-in activators of antibiotics and suppress the epidemic factors of the transfer of antibiotic resistance markers by transduction and conjugation.

Biography:

Dr. Chia-Yen Dai has completed his M.D., Master and PhD from Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. He is the Director of Health Management Center and Department of Community Medicine, and visiting staff of Hepatology, Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, and the full Professor of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, the Secretary General and Vice President of Library and Information Services of the Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Medical University. He has published more than 250 papers in reputed journals with more than 50 papers being the first author.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) treatment is the standard of care over the world where they are avialble with high efficacy. The end-of-treatment (EOT) viremia has been encountered and the impacts are not clear. The purpose of this study is to describe the result of quantifiable HCV RNA at the EOT in Taiwan

Methodology:

In Taiwan, the National Health Insurance (NHI) reimbursed the cost of pegylated interferon plus ribavirin (PegIFN/RBV) since 2003 and direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) since January 2017. We have examined the patients who received DAAs therapy in Kaohsiung Medical University, our tertiary medical center in Kaohsiung. Patients were treated by the asunaprevir/daclatasvir, paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir/dasabuvir, Grazoprevir/ elbasvir, sofosbuvir+ribavirin, sofosbuvir/ladipasvir or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (G/P) for standard 8-24 weeks which are available.

Biography:

H B Veena Kumari has completed M D in Microbiology. She is currently working as a Professor in the Department of Neuro-microbiology and also a Member Secretary, Hospital Infection Surveillance System, Neurocare Institute in South India. She has published more than 30 papers in reputed international and national.

Abstract:

Central Nervous System (CNS) infections by highly resistant organisms like Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) result is a considerable burden for both patients and healthcare services and challenges the hospital infection control. This study was carried out to understand the different molecular clones of MRSA causing CNS infections. Cases with positive CSF or brain abscess cultures caused by MRSA in a period of three years were included. A total of 22 MRSA (16 from post-operative meningitis and 6 from brain abscess) isolates were collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. MRSA isolates were characterized by SCCmec typing, agr typing, spa typing and also screened for the presence of clinically important toxin genes. The biofilm production was determined by Microtitre  plate method. The isolates were 100% sensitive to Vancomycin and Linezolid whereas 90.9% of the isolates were multidrug resistant. Strong biofilm forming ability was noted in 54.5% of the isolates. The predominant SCCmec types were type-III (50%) followed by type-V (22.7%). The carriage of atleast one toxin gene was seen in 95.5% of the isolates with toxins like HLA and PVL observed in 77.3% and 63.6% respectively. Spa types t030, t037, t852 were predominantly noted. The study shows a variety of MRSA clones carrying potential virulent toxin genes exhibiting increased antibiotic resistance and biofilm forming ability causing threatening CNS infections. The understanding of molecular epidemiology of MRSA is crucial in controlling these infections and strengthening of infection control practices.