Bacteriology & Applied Microbiology

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are threatening worldwide. Huge number of behavioural changes are associated with ND such as depression, anxiety, memory loss, stress and so on. Effective drugs need to cure the ND from nature. In this present study, we had evaluated the phytochemical analysis and neuroprotective activity of Pedalium murex Linn (PM) leaves against bacterial cell wall content Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia in rats. Two compounds were isolated from 90% v/v of ethanol extract of Pedalium murex Linn (EEPM) named as PM I, PM II. Spectral data of isolated compounds strongly suggested that PM I showed the structural similarities with 4´, 5, 7- trihydroxy flavone may be Apigenin and PM II showed the structural similarities with 3,5,7-Trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one which may have the presence of kaempferol. The data of our present study revealed that LPS significantly decreases the food, water intake and body mass which was recovered EEPM treated rats.  EEPM attenuated or completely abolished the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Antioxidant enzymes includes SOD, CAT, GR, GPX levels were decreased in LPS-treated rats, which was recovered by EEPM treated rats. Histopathological results also support the neuroprotective effect of EEPM against LPS-induced neurodegeneration. We  may conclude that EEPM may be a potential candidate for LPS-induced brain damage which may be attributed to the presence of potent antioxidants in EEPM